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Adam czerniakow biography

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Adam Czerniakow

Adam Czerniakow with German official

Adam Czerniakow was born during 1880 in Warsaw to a middle-class assimilated family. He completed his chemical engineering studies in 1908 at the Warsaw Polytechnic, he went on to study industrial engineering in Dresden. Later he taught at the Jewish community�s vocational school in Warsaw and served in various posts in independent Poland. For many years Czerniakow represented Jewish artisans in several Polish organisations. From 1927 to 1934 he was a member of the Warsaw Municipal Council, and in 1931 he was elected to the Polish Senate. Before the Second World War, he was a member of the executive council of the Jewish community. But in his public career between the wars Czerniakow was not regarded as a leader by the Jews, since he was not a member of any political party and had trouble expressing himself in Yiddish.

 During the first week of the Second World War, Maurycy Mayzel, chairman of the Jewish community�s council, was one of the many who fled Warsaw. On 23 September 1939, in the midst of the siege of the

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Adam Czerniaków (30.11.1880–23.07.1942)

At Chłodna 20, there is an impressive tenement house, the only pre-war building in this section of the street that has survived. It was erected in the years 1912–1913 as a joint project of the famous Warsaw architects Józef Napoleon Czerwiński and Wacław Heppen. Its owner was Zygmunt Lewin. Thanks to the clock placed on the facade, it was called ‘Pod Zegarem’ (Under the Clock). Interestingly, its predecessor, a two-story tenement house erected according to the design of Karol Galle in the years 1819–1820 for the owner of the brick factory, Karol Kijok, also had a clock placed at the top of the facade and was also called the ‘Pod Zegarem’ tenement house. The term, one could say, was hereditary.

Adam Czerniaków, a tragic figure of the Warsaw ghetto, lived in the tenement house at Chłodna 20 from December 1941 until his death. Czerniaków, understanding very well the problems of integration of the two nations, the Jews and the Poles, living next to each other, throughout his life through activities and publications tried to bring these natio

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Adam Czerniaków

Polish politician (1880–1942)

Adam Czerniaków (30 November 1880 – 23 July 1942)[1] was a Polish engineer and senator who was head of the Warsaw Ghetto Jewish Council (Judenrat) during World War II. He committed suicide on 23 July 1942 by swallowing a cyanide pill, a day after the commencement of mass extermination of Jews known as the Grossaktion Warsaw.[2][3]

Life and career

Czerniaków was born on 30 November 1880 in Warsaw, Poland (then part of the Congress Poland). He studied engineering in Warsaw and Dresden and taught in the Jewish community's vocational school in Warsaw. From 1927 to 1934 he served as member of the Warsaw Municipal Council, and in May 1930 was elected to the Polish Senate.[4] On 4 October 1939, a few days after Warsaw surrendered to Nazi Germany, Czerniaków was made head of the 24 member Jewish Council (Judenrat), responsible for implementing German orders in the new Jewish ghetto. The Warsaw Ghetto was closed to the outside world on November 15, 1940.[5]

The Warsaw Ghetto depo

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